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All posts created by MSMC

| posted 12 Jun, 2023 14:56
Pollenz
The "immunity cassette" region of the FF phages is rather complex and not canonical as it contains several integrases and various DNA binding proteins. Although there are proteins from these phages grouped to pham 88787 (as of 6/11/23) that have a majority call of immunity repressor, a deeper look at the size of the FF cluster proteins in pham 88787 show that the FF phages all have proteins that are <90 amino acids. Thus, they all contain a clear N-terminal HTH domain that maps to both C1 and C2 repressors, but they all LACK the important C-terminal dimerization domain that is essential to the function of the canonical C1/C2 proteins from lambda and other phages. Note that the great majority of other proteins in the pham are from G1 phages that have 1) a much more clearly defined immunity cassette and 2) HTH proteins that have the C-terminal dimerization domain and can be better defined as immunity represors. So, a more conservative HTH DNA binding domain call for the FF phages is probably warranted at this time for these smaller proteins until clear wet lab data can identify the precise function of these smaller proteins and their exact role in lysogeny.

Thanks Rick, I was wondering about the C-terminal domains when I was looking at this. I agree, I'll stick with the HTH domain call.
Posted in: Cluster FF Annotation TipsRepressor vs HTH DNA binding proteins
| posted 05 Jun, 2023 17:55
Pollenz
Given that these FF cluster phage have genes in PHAM 54987 (92 members and majority calls are immunity repressor) that hit to numerous repressors such as 5FD4_B (ComR; Streptococcus, Competence, Quorum sensing, ComR, TRANSCRIPTION REGULATOR; 2.9A {Streptococcus suis (strain 05ZYH33), 6H49_A (Orf20; SaPI, Repressor, STRUCTURAL PROTEIN; HET: SO4; 1.8A {Staphylococcus aureus}) and 5D50_D (Repressor; Repressor, Anti-repressor, complex, DNA BINDING PROTEIN; 2.49A {Salmonella phage SPC32H}) an immunity repressor call is consistent with the data and the location of the genes within an immunity cluster (gp35 in Popper, gp37 in Nandita and gp37 in Ryan).

Rick, do you still believe these should be called as immunity repressor? I'm QCing an FF phage now, and I've got two genes back to back that align well with the immunity repressor and excisionase. There are two tyrosine integrases present in the genome. I'm inclined to call this immunity repressor and excisionase (taking into account your argument above), but I don't know if there has been a change in consensus since this thread (https://seaphages.org/forums/topic/4785/).
Posted in: Cluster FF Annotation TipsRepressor vs HTH DNA binding proteins
| posted 19 Aug, 2022 14:53
I'm having the same problem. I just upgraded my MacBook to an M1 chip. I'm running Windows 11 on Parallels. I've downloaded DNA Master, the folder is on my desktop (the name is “DNA Master”. When I run the program as an administrator, it gives me an error message "Invalid File Name", which then disappears. When I try to load an existing archive file, or even just start DNA Master without a file, the "TbCodonBias: Cannot perform this operation on a closed dataset" error appears (so I can’t open the program at all). It also give the following error (most times, not every time): “Queries table is corrupt. Reload from FTP DNA Master FTP site”
I've tried uninstalling and reinstalling to a different directory, but it still defaults to the desktop. Any help would be great!
Posted in: DNA MasterTbQueries
| posted 19 Jul, 2022 18:18
We are using the Wizard DNA Clean-Up System kit for DNA extraction (as we have for many years), and recently our DNA samples have had extremely high 260/280 ratios (most between 2.6 to 3.0). Things we've tried:

1. New Kit (Guanididium and Columns)
2. New Water Eluent
3. New EDTA
4. New SDS
5. Syringe vs. Vacuum manifold

Our spec seems fine, as other samples give normal ratios. The A260 seems high (vs. low 280), as when we run samples on the gel, the mass appears lower on the gel than calculated by the spec.

We're running out of ideas, any thoughts?
Posted in: Phage Discovery/Isolation260/280 ratios too high from DNA extraction
| posted 13 Jan, 2022 22:07
jawsWPI
For those who use PECAAN. Attached is the notes template (excel file) that my students will be using, and the instruction document.
In the first round each student will annotate an assigned coordinate range. In the second round they will peer review (as Kristen's students do) a different range with access to the first round notes.

We do something very similar with peer review, using a Google Doc for students to record their annotation data.
Posted in: Notes and Final FilesNotes format when using DNA Master
| posted 21 Jul, 2021 18:16
cdshaffer
I have seen this behavior before but for me it is almost always if I submit a sequence for a phage that is not yet in the phamerator database. So it never surprised me there were no links as there was noghing in the phamerator database to link to yet. The work around is to use the pham links in the phagesdb blast results. Those links in the right hand column link to the phagesdb page for the pham report which have links to the starterator page.

One think you might also want to try (which I have had variable success) is to go to the admin page, search for your phage name in the Phage table and click the edit button. Then see what phage it matching in the "Phamerator Phage Match" menu. For phage that I have that are not in the phamerator database I try to pick the phage most similar to my phage by BLAST, but you might also want to see if your phage is on the list and is selected. You might have to be the "owner" of the phage for that to work. Not sure.

Thanks Chris! I've been going gene by gene in PhagesDB, which has wworked, but I'll try the admin page strategy as well.
Posted in: PECAANPECAAN not showing Starterator and Pham info
| posted 19 Jul, 2021 10:38
Is there a reason that PECAAN provides a link to the Starterator report and Pham page for some genomes, but not others? See screenshots below - Looper is a Gordonia phage, Eraser is an Arthro phage.

Cheers,

Evan
Posted in: PECAANPECAAN not showing Starterator and Pham info
| posted 15 Jul, 2021 14:32
DanRussell
Hey Evan,

You make a good case as to why this one merits a check as a potential sequencing error, and it has some of those red flags (different from similar genomes, breaks a gene). But I just checked the sequencing data and see this:



The base in question is a couple to the right of the green line, and the "A" called there is really strongly supported with no conflicting reads. So it's a real biological thing!

–Dan

Great, thanks so much for checking this Dan!
Posted in: AnnotationIs this a sequencing error?
| posted 14 Jul, 2021 19:40
We are annotating genes 8 and 9 in Looper (A15). These two genes are currently orphams. When we look at the same region in similar phages, it's highly conserved and called as one gene (Pham 69334 - 723 members of the pham). When the region from Looper is BLASTed, the alignment shows one nucleotide difference compared to similar phages (see attached), and this results in a stop codon - therefore 2 genes in Looper and one gene in the other phages. There is little coding potential for the second gene in Looper (both programs call it a gene), but the coding potential is minimal for the second half of the gene in similar phages.

So the question is, is this a sequencing error? It seems unlikely that one phage out of hundreds would have a mutation leading to a stop codon resulting in two functional genes.
Edited 14 Jul, 2021 19:47
Posted in: AnnotationIs this a sequencing error?
| posted 18 Jun, 2020 15:07
jawsWPI
I would agree that the two smaller ones should be NKF but, the 1200bp is probably a minor tail. An HHPred run analysis of the 1200bp protein should give good hits to collagen-like or glycine-rich proteins if it is a minor tail. The gene count in your A3 may be off because gene 1 (HNH endonuclease) is often not included in the auto-annotation and has to be added manually.

Thanks Joanne, I was thinking the same thing, I kept the third gene, there are some hits moderate hits to collagen-like proteins. The annotators did include the HNH.
Posted in: Cluster A Annotation Tipsminor tail proteins