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This abstract was last modified on March 21, 2023 at 11:40 a.m..

McGill University
Corresponding Faculty Member: Patrick Lypaczewski, patrick.lypaczewski@mcgill.ca
This abstract WILL be considered for a talk.
Discovery of a Potentially New Gene Function in Bacteriophages
Katalina Couto, Patrick Lypaczewski

The use of Bioinformatics tools has greatly enhanced our ability to predict the location, start site and function of many genes. However, even with the many softwares currently available, we are only capable of determining the gene function of 30% of phage genes. During the annotation process of the Lewando phage, we came across a mystery gene with particular characteristics. It all started with a BLASTP hit to a gene whose function was labeled as amidase. This was a particular match due to amidase not being found under the approved functions list. Therefore, rather than calling it quits and labeling the gene as NFK, further research in literature and bioinformatics tools were made. To our surprise, our gene had a high probability score on HHPred with the Ospl protein. OspI is a glutamine deamidase that selectively deamidates glutamine residues. In phages, amidase domains are associated with helping the lysis of bacterial cell walls. It has been previously shown that the presence of the amidase domain is necessary for effective lytic activity. Ospl contains a putative cysteine–histidine–aspartic acid catalytic triad. This catalytic triad has been shown to be essential for the deamidation function of this protein. Comparison of the mystery gene sequence with the Ospl sequence showed that our gene contained the necessary catalytic triad found in Ospl. Additional comparison between glutamine deamidase domains from other proteins also demonstrates that our gene contains many of the conserved nucleotides. This evidence strongly suggests that the Lewando phage and possibly other phages may contain glutamine deaminases in their genomes.